New York Police Department Recruitment and Challenges

Proposal StatementSome of this is funny†¦most of it, if exact, is over the top. While a portion of the last is unquestionable, it is hard to sift through exactly what amount is essentially harsh grapes and crying since 40 miles toward the East, Suffolk Country MOS have a colossal agreement. New York Police Department can't get enough candidates to give a test for Police officials 88% of Port Authority Police Department Academy graduates are from New York Police Department cops, half of another class of NYFD class are from New York Police Department. (Lung Worthy et al, 1986).IntroductionThe New York City Police (NYPD) has in the course of the most recent years been known to be the biggest city police power on the planet with a crucial essential obligation to authorize the law and complete examinations inside the five precincts of the New York City, which incorporate Nassau, Suffolk, Westchester and so forth. (Fred. M. Rafilson, 2000).NYPD is devoted to move in the direction of u pgrading the personal satisfaction in the city by working in understanding to the constitution. This is accomplished through its statement of purpose, which is â€Å"Enforce the law, protect the harmony, diminish fear and accommodate a safe environment†. (Fred. M. Rafilson, 2000). This in result involves to forestalling apprehension and reacting to crime.In the United States, NYPD is considered just like the primary present day style police office being a variety of specific administrations. It is contracted and committed to offering mastery in specialized tasks, K-9, jumping or marine abilities, aeronautics or helicopter aptitudes, bomb removal innovation, counterterrorism innovation, insight aptitudes, antigang methods, opiates location, open transportation, control and open lodging. The NYPD has broad wrongdoing scene examinations and research facility assets while not additionally disregarding their units, which help with PC wrongdoing examinations. (Fred. M. Rafilson, 20 00)Recruitment Requirements for NYPDTo pace astir into the NYPD institute, the accompanying necessities are an essential: one must be a United States resident at the hour of utilization; one must have a legitimate secondary school recognition or an instructive proportionate; one must have effectively finished either sixty (60) school credits from a tenable school or a college with at any rate 2.0 GPA or two (2) years full time United States Military Service. (Reaves, Brian A., 1996).However, one could accomplish the above capabilities yet be precluded for confirmation in view of the accompanying elements: †One may have been sentenced for an offense, which demonstrates absence of good character, or air towards savagery or turmoil or which is deserving of at least one years of detainment; one may have experienced rehashed feelings of an offense, which shows irreverence of the law; one may have been released from a work because of poor conduct or powerlessness to conform to teach; one may have been released in a despicable way from the military help; one may have been indicted for an offense for abusive behavior at home crime; and ultimately, one may have been sentenced for carrying out a lawful offense. (Lung Worthy et al, 1986).A Practical SituationDespite every one of these prerequisites and all the hypothetical desires from these unique, all around prepared and gifted cops an incredible issue lingers in their working conditions. For any individual to work there is consistently desires for equivalent advantages from the field of occupation fundamental for the every day upkeep of the individual and dependants. The standard of life ought to likewise have an immediate relationship with the legitimate contributions of a person to the workplace.Future progress ought to likewise be anticipated by the present occupation execution and renumeration. Other working environment related advantages are likewise exceptionally critical determinants of a worker prosperity and government assistance. Every one of these issues if not appropriately tended to, will prompt diminished spirit, diminished yield and horrible showing and at last high level of employees’ dropout prompting high turnovers.This is the basic condition confronting the NYPD. In 2005, there was a state intervention and a board of judges’ order covering an agreement arrangement between NYPD delegates and state agents, which concocted a compensation decline for new officials. The new results have been talked about here: †On affirmation, a fresh recruit during preparing should procure $25,100 every year. This proceeds for the following six (6) months. On the culmination of the Police Academy, the particular individual gets qualified for a yearly compensation increment up to $32,700. To clarify this, the state contends that the compensations were balanced because of swelling. Practically speaking these figures are far much low beneath the expectations for everyday comfo rts of an utilized individual and they happen to be the least compensation levels in history for youngster NYPD cops.This was an off-base choice by the ward of bringing down the beginning compensation for new officials at such a period, that the officials are generally susceptible and this demonstration appears to be especially rash to greater part of the individuals. The pay plunge is accused on state referee and is viewed as an awful open strategy to diminish the beginning pay. The association officials contended that the city initially recommended lower beginning pay rates to finance the salary increases and mediation was taken to on the grounds that the city would not haggle over the table. The customary way of thinking when applied will in general imply a converse connection among compensation and defilement as saw in the locale, for example, New Orleans. (Fred. M. Rafilson, 2000).The issue nearby is extremely urgent towards inspiration of laborers. An individual of legitimate direction can't dream or consider joining this vocation, which is without inspiration thinking about that there exists a high level of hazard in this calling. The circumstance is additionally exacerbated by the way that out of the meangle pays, the individual official is relied upon to buy for all intents and purposes the entirety of their assets and individual things. The things incorporate officers’ outfits and gear, which one would hope to get from the Academy or manager. A few issues of value things in this regard it is worth mentioning.Due to the reality of vacillated pay anyone is profoundly enticed to go for the most economical thing and it is good judgment that most economical is least quality. The act of officials purchasing garbs and gear for themselves has an expense that can without much of a stretch run into a huge number of dollars. As an answer, the Municipal Union in 2007 through the Municipal Credit Union started giving visa Mastercards to the Police Academy as an approach to get the cash required towards the compulsory gear purchases.Top pay for experienced officials is no better contrasted and pay of other potential bosses. The suggested top compensation for an accomplished NYPD official is $59,588 excluding extra time installments and different types of remuneration. The significant supporter of these issues is the metropolitan financing operators, which despite the fact that it has constantly subsidized other city project.The new ball field in Brooklyn got an inexact 8.3 sections of land, which in spite of the fact that it was a piece of a backwoods the organization affirms this is no land snatching. For its improvement it got a further $100 million. (Kleining John, 1996). The Second Avenue Train line got the full subsidizing concurrence with a gigantic $2.5 bond issues and its work expected to follow inside weeks to months. (Kleining John, 1996).The Mayor’s Green Plan is raising very considerable sum whereby drivers are dema nded for entering Manhattan at paces of $8 for individual vehicles and $21 for truck administrators. Significant pulls of war have been obviously accessible just like the instance of the New York Civil Liberties Union (NYCLU), which encouraged the gathering individuals to give the Civilian Complaint Review Board (CCRB) with satisfactory subsidizing and to consider it responsible for late passes in its exhibition. NYCLU criticized to Mayor Bloomberg’s proposition to cut CCRB financing by $1.2 million disposing of twenty four specialist positions and asked the city committee to reestablish the CCRB’s subsidizing to request participation from NYPD and different organizations associated with the regular citizen audit process.The NYCLU was effectively instrumental in the production of the autonomous CCRB in the year 2002, and has been a blunt supporter for an enthusiastic and free non military personnel survey framework. As a component of this exertion, the NYCLU has battle d CCRB spending cuts a seemingly endless amount of time after year and has been profoundly disparaging of NYPD endeavors to subvert the CCRB’s work. (Kleining John, 1996). Though the approach creators and implementers contend that they are supportive of monitoring the individuals associated with unlawful exercises, they contend that the police ought not be investigating decent New Yorkers’ exercises without regulations.Low pay is driving increasingly more New York’s best to leave the activity regardless of positions being reinforced. Particularly in 2005 and 2006, 1,769 officials were accounted for to stop work before their retirement qualification. (Kleining John, 1996). The numbers have really affected the avenues and city corridor doesn't have the mental fortitude to settle the problem.Difficulties Compounding Police Force IssueSome amazingly troublesome occasions were knowledgeable about the city achieved by the monetary downturn of the 1970. A fire related crime assault especially tormented Bronx prompting penetrability of an air of wilderness in the city. Likewise, the city’s money related emergency prompted an employing freeze on all city offices including the NYPD from 1976 to 1980. (Eli B. Silverman, 1990). A break plague generally 1980s and mid 1990s followed in suit the fire related crime assault, which is accepted unquestionably prompted the city’s murder rate to take off to a record-breaking higher. A heavenly record of homicide, so extraordinary that it has yet stayed hard to break in some other US significant city, was recorded in 1990. (Eli B. Silverman, 1990).The circumstance was additionally convoluted b

European Exploration And Settlement Essays - Age Of Discovery

European Exploration and Settlement I. Europeans Look to New Worlds For Many Reasons. A. Renaissance-restoration of old style craftsmanship, writing, and learning. 1. Occurred in Europe in fifteenth and sixteenth hundreds of years. 2. Started minds and made individuals anxious to investigate. B. Protestant Reformation 1. Tested Catholics who thusly mistreated Protestants. 2. Protestants ached for a spot where they could love as they needed. C. European Nations Begin to Form Stable Governments and Resolve Power Struggles. D. Attempting to Find a Quicker Route to Asia and Start Up a Rich Trade. E. New Developments in Travel. 1. Caravel-increasingly flexibility and faster boat, moved with and against wind. 2. Route graphing of a course adrift. 3. Instruments-Astrolabe, the quadrant, and the cross-staff. II. Spain Leads The Way A. Spain was the main country in the Age of Discovery because of its quest for riches. 1. Needed to locate a faster course to Asia. 2. Tired os paying the go betweens huge benefits. 3. Wanted gold, silk, gems, and flavors. B. Columbus Stumbles On a New World 1. Christopher Columbus set out to demonstrate world was round. 2. Sovereign Isabella consented to organize a campaign for Columbus. 3. His boats were the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria which set sail August 3, 1492. 4. At the point when they at last arrived at land they thought they arrived on India and locals were called Indians. 5. Truly, they arrived in the Bahamas on an Island Columbus named San Salvador-October 12, 1492. C. Searchers of Gold and Glory 1. Amerigo Vespucci-discovered land that was not Asia but rather an extraordinary mainland. A couple a long time later a guide producer named the new landmass America to pay tribute to Amerigo Vespucci. 2. Balboa-Spanish wayfarer crossed Isthmus of Panama in 1513-first European to see Pacific Ocean. 3. Pilgrims more keen on procuring gold and force than in finding new land. 4. Conquistadors-these were the victors who conquered entire civic establishments of local individuals. 5. Most celebrated was Cort?s who, in 1519, assumed control over the Aztec domain and its ruler Montezuma in Mexico. 6. Pizarro who, in 1535, demolished the Inca realm in the core of Peru. 7. Coronado 1540-1542 found the Grand Canyon on an undertaking to the southwest. 8. De Soto investigated southern U.S.- first European to arrive at the Mississippi River. 9. Most conquistadors were heartless. a. Treated locals barbarously by oppressing and executing them. b. Gold, silver, and sugar made Spanish rich and opened up huge zone. III. Britain, France, and the Netherlands Stake Claims A. Spain's capacity made the remainder of Europe anxious particularly Protestant England since Spain was Catholic. B. The Search for the Northwest Passage. 1. Europeans needed snappy exchange course to Asia. 2. Would have liked to discover Northwest Passage-northern conduit interfacing Atlantic and Pacific seas. 3. Discovered Northwest Passage in 1906 in the solidified waters of Canada. C. A Series of Discoveries 1. John Cabot 1497 cruised to New Found-land and Nova Scotia, discovered heaps of fish however, England was excessively occupied with different undertakings to pay heed. 2. Verazano 1524 investigated eastern coastline of North America from North Carolina to New Found-land. 3. Cartier 1535 investigated Gulf of St. Lawrence and St. Lawrence River and denoted France's strength on Canada. 4. Henry Hudson discovered Hudson River and planted seeds of New Nether land ( New York.) 5. Wayfarers burst ways, pilgrims move in.

How to Study Effectively

How to Study Effectively How to Study Effectively: Expert Advice to Help You Ace Any Exam or Test How to Study Effectively: Expert Advice to Help You Ace Any Exam or Test Learning how to study effectively can feel like some kind of an acquired skill. There’s nothing worse than sitting in front of your study notes, trying to figure out how this will possibly fit in your brain, and losing all motivation to even begin in the first place. When it comes time for exam preparation, or for that end-of-term test, give yourself the best fighting chance at getting great grades and acing your class. That begins with the right study skills and habits. Luckily, we’ve got a lot of experts on our team who have the best study tips and advice, and we’re going to walk you through every step to show you how to study better, smarter, and more effectively. With our help, you’ll walk into that exam room like you own the place. Don’t worry. It may seem like a lot. But with the right learning and preparation, you can handle even the most unexpected questions. Ready to learn the secrets of how to study effectively and ace your next test or exam? Let’s get started. Get Your Head in the Study Zone First and foremost, you need to be mentally prepared. You can’t be constantly thinking about what happened on last night’s episode of Riverdale while trying to pack your brain with your history notes. That just doesn’t work. Forget about Archie and Jughead for a little while. They’ll be there when you’re done studying. Start each study session by setting goals. What do you hope to accomplish? Do you need to study for one cumulative exam, or are you trying to nail down particular subjects at a time? This will help you figure out how you’re going to use your study time and stay on track to complete your list. It’s also a good way to determine which of your study goals are your priorities, and which things to focus on first. Next, it’s time to get focused. Most importantly, find your motivation. Your goals should be the first step. The next is preparing to dive in. Getting Motivated: How to Study Effectively When You Really Don’t Want to Sometimes it’s hard to get motivated to study. Realistically, no one actually likes to study. In fact, study time is about as appealing as getting food poisoning. But we all have to do it, and it’s just a part of the learning process. That being said, we’re all motivated by something. Getting good grades is usually the key motivator when it comes to honing in on your study skills. That’s a good enough reason for most of us to roll out of bed and open up the books. To help yourself stay on track, develop good study habits. Some of our most effective expert tips include getting enough sleep and keeping your phone on airplane mode during every study session. When you’re not really motivated to study, your phone is a major distraction. It’s easy to just check that one thing one more time before you start. No matter what you think, it won’t just be one thing to check. You’ll end up down a YouTube rabbit hole like the best of us. Just turn it off. Another great way to develop good study habits is to take breaks. Stop and treat yourself at appropriate times, such as between subjects or when you’ve completed an assignment. Giving yourself a reward every so often can help keep you focused on your study material. However, make sure this isn’t always a sugary or fatty treat. A few candies here and there are fine, but too much sugar or fat and you’ll interrupt your brain’s learning process. If snacking on carrots and hummus while studying doesn’t really appeal to you, try giving yourself a reward that isn’t food related, like 15 minutes to play Candy Crush or sending a few Snapchats to your friends (but turn your phone back off when time is up). Find The Right Study Setting One of the most important steps in learning how to study effectively is finding a study spot where you can focus and avoid distractions. Just like a good movie, setting is key. According to ThoughtCo, the top nine places to study include the library, bookstores, coffee shops, parks, empty classrooms, your bedroom, and community centers. Your study spot has to be something that works for you. Just because your friend likes to go to the library to study doesn’t mean that will work for you, too. Consider where you’re going to be the least distracted, and where you feel the most at ease. Maybe this is your bedroom, or maybe it’s a cozy spot in the student center. Part of learning to study smart is learning where you are the most focused. If you’re a people watcher, don’t study in public spaces. There is just way too much going on to really get into your work. The same thing goes if you’re a big snacker. Studying at a coffee shop can be a great, peaceful way to get work done, but if you’re just going to keep getting up to buy cookies and chugging caffeine the whole time, maybe it isn’t the best study spot. Likewise, if you have noisy roommates or your friends are constantly popping by, your bedroom might not work, either. Wherever your study spot is, comfort is key. If you’re not comfortable, you’re just going to start shifting around and getting distracted trying to find a better position. Once you’ve found that study spot, it’s time to get organized and form some great study habits. Organize Your Study Space Once you have your setting in mind, it’s time to get organized. Staying organized is incredibly beneficial for your mind and, more importantly, your productivity. Your workspace is ultimately a reflection of your study habits. The more organized your space is, the less distractions there are, which means more study time and less of that other stuff. You know, the stuff you do to kill time and procrastinate. The first thing you need is enough space on your desk to lay out your textbooks, assignment materials, and anything else that might be relevant. If you don’t have space, you’re going to end up spending more time figuring out where things will stay than actually studying. Make sure you have all of your materials on hand as well. If you start looking for things as you go, you’ll increase your chances of being distracted, which makes it harder to get back on track when you go back to your study notes. To prepare for your study session, gather all of the materials you think you’ll need ahead of time, and put it all together in a container. This way, you can reach for things as you need them without digging around. Time Management: The Downfall of Many College Students Okay, so you’ve organized your desk or work space and you’re ready for the next step in learning how to study effectively. That would be time management. Even just hearing those words is enough to make people shudder, but the truth is this is a necessary study skill that you will use for the rest of your life. You may as well nail it down now, while you’re learning in school. Use a Physical Calendar or Wall Planner For Your Study Schedule You may think it’s easier to keep track of everything on your phone or iCal, but having everything laid out in a physical calendar you can hang on your wall can help you visualize and plan. It’s really easy to miss tasks and reminders when you’re relying only on your phone. A wall or desk planner is a useful tool for creating a study schedule that gives you enough time for breaks and a social life in between. This tells you exactly when your study time is, and helps you plan out everything you need to do. Guess what? Those rewards that we were talking about before can be added to your study schedule too, so you have a goal you know you’re working towards. But don’t let your rewards take over the rest of your planning. Tips and Tricks to Help With Time Management Here are some helpful time management tips and tricks that you may want to use: ? Don’t try to multitask. This negatively affects your ability to focus on the task at hand. ? Avoid leaving everything to the last minute. ? Set study time limits for each task and use a timer to stay on track. ? Get enough sleep. Your body needs a good amount of sleep to be able to concentrate and work to its fullest potential. ? Relax! That’s what breaks are for. ? Don’t overcommit yourself and let your study schedule suffer. If you don’t have time for something, you don’t have time for it. Just say no. ? Make a checklist. This tells you what you still have left to do, and you’ll feel a sense of accomplishment and pride when you check things off. Study Smart: Lay it All Out Lay out each individual task for each exam or assignment. Don’t just write “study for history paper.” Write down each book you need to read, which notes you have to go over, and when the due dates are. Try to estimate how much time it takes to do each thing so you can effectively include it in your study schedule. If you have certain exams or class subjects that you know will need more study time than others, this is how you can determine where to prioritize. When you visualize how much work you actually have to do, this can help with time management. It’s one thing to know which tests you have and when your exams are, but it’s another thing to actually see it and realize how much study time you’ll need to set aside for each test. An important thing to note is don’t leave your biggest goal for the last thing in your study schedule or your checklist. You may want to put a bunch of little things first so you have more to check off and can feel more accomplished, but if you leave those big things until the end you’re more likely to feel overwhelmed than anything. Mnemonic Devices Mnemonic Devices are a common way for people to study material and remember information. They can come in a variety of forms, such as acronyms, rhymes, and songs. In fact, you’ve probably used them at least once before. Have you ever stopped to use Roy G. Biv to list out the colors of the rainbow? That is a mnemonic device. What about SOHCAHTOA from high school math class? That’s another common one. Make up your own mnemonic device to help you remember important concepts or the order of things that you know are going to be on your exam. Poems and songs are most effective because they trigger the acoustic encoding in our brains and last longer in our memories. That’s why you’ve always got a song stuck in your head. Let’s try and get the right song stuck in there. Using Study Groups Another way to learn how to study effectively is to use study groups, but only if they work for you. Study groups aren’t the right fit for everyone. If you’re an easily distracted social butterfly and would be tempted to chat, you could end up breaking everyone else’s study habits, too. Some people prefer to study alone, and if that is what makes you study more effectively, then you should stick to that. The Advantages of Studying Together One of the best aspects of a study group is having other people there who are in the same situation as you. Not only do those other people help you stay in the study zone, but you can also use them as tools. Other people can help you stay focused because you’re all accountable together. They can also help you with your study notes and fill in any gaps you may have missed from class. Try quizzing each other. Quizzing one another and taking practice tests are great ways to really tell if you’ve learned the material or are ready to actually take the exam. You could have a family member or friend quiz you, but it’s easier when it comes from someone in your actual class who is also trying to learn the material. How to Find A Study Group Creating or joining a study group isn’t hard when you approach it the right way. Ask the people in your class if they’d like to study with you. This could be a brief chit chat as everyone is packing up to leave, or settling in before the professor arrives. You could also start a Facebook group and find people in your class who you may not speak to otherwise, and then use Facebook to coordinate meeting times. Check out our blog on how to organize a study group for more tips and pointers. If you want to know if there are already study groups that you can join, just ask around. Talk to someone at your student center. Sometimes they have resources you can use to make connections and join in on group study sessions. Ask classmates what they do to study and see if they already have a group they’d be willing to let you join. Speak up and you will find it. What the Science Says There are some scientific methods to studying that have been shown through academic research to help you learn how to study effectively and improve test scores. Here are some of the most effective and well known methods that you can try. The Feynman Notebook Method If you’ve ever watched the Big Bang Theory, you know who Richard Feynman is. He is a physics god â€" one of the most important physicists in history and a Nobel Prize winner. Well, Feynman developed a technique for learning difficult or confusing concepts that can help your study skills. The Feynman Technique, also known as the Feynman Notebook Method, begins with a blank notebook. On the title page, he would write, “Notebook of Things I Don’t Know About.” Then, at the top of each page, he would write a topic he wasn’t familiar with. Next, he’d write everything he knew about that topic, and then would continue to add to the page in his own words when he learned more about it. The point of this is to explain complex material in ways that make sense to you. Then, you can go back during your study session and review the areas where you know you’re having trouble. The Pomodoro Technique The Pomodoro Technique, developed by Francesco Cirillo, is a time management method where you use a timer to break down study sessions into intervals. Each interval is called a pomodoro, and there is a small break between each one. Think of it like reps of weights at the gym. Four pomodoros generally make up one study session for one specific task. You can take a bigger break after four pomodoros if you’re ready to move on to the next task. At Homework Help Global, we strive to provide as much help as we can to students who need it most. To learn more about the Pomodoro Technique, check out episode 13 of The Homework Help Show. In this episode, our host, Cath Anne, digs into developing good study habits using this method for productivity. The Leitner System Named after Sebastian Leitner, who developed the system, The Leitner System is essentially the use of flashcards for studying. This is a good technique to help your study skills because it boosts memorization and cognitive function. Many of us are familiar with using flashcards, but with the Leitner System, the goal is to keep the flashcards simple and straightforward so it’s easy to focus on certain concepts. Active Recall Active Recall is simple, but effective. It’s all about stimulating your brain while you’re reading or studying the material to promote long-term memory. After every section or chapter you read, close your book and review what you just read. Repeat to yourself some of the important information you just read. This way, instead of just reading something and forgetting it, you’re now actively learning it and will actually know it when it comes time to take your exam. Not really sure what this means? That’s what we’re here for. To learn more about Active Recall, watch episode 40 of the Homework Help Show where, Cath Anne puts it in context and tells you how to incorporate it with your study habits. Acing Exam Preparation Okay, so you’ve gotten the gist of how to study effectively and now the big day is right around the corner. When it comes time to get ready for your exam, you might want to consider some extra preparation tips to be as prepared as possible. ? Plan out exam day. The last thing you want to do is be rushing around and building up your anxiety about getting there on time. ? Bring water with you and stay hydrated. ? Don’t wake up and roll out of bed for a morning exam. Wake up early to give your brain time to kick into high gear. ? Collect all of the materials you need, such as pens or pencils, and bring extras just incase. ? Eat a healthy breakfast. ? Don’t forget your student card and ID. ? Slow down and breathe. You’ve got this! Cramming and Last-Minute Studying Don’t Work You shouldn’t leave everything to the last minute, but sometimes things come up and it happens. In fact, some people do believe that they study better when they cram. If you’re starting to run out of study time, you may feel like you need to have some tricks up your sleeve in preparation, but it’s not going to work the way you want it to. Learning how to study effectively in crunch time is nearly impossible. You need to give your brain time to process the information. If you run out of study time and are in a rush to get everything crammed in, often you’ll end up focusing on how you’re running out of time and forgetting what you crammed. In fact, cramming in a study session can actually cause more harm than good. Use your study schedule and plan out your time management and you won’t have to cram in the first place. Helpful (And Free) Study Apps Where would we be without smartphone apps? Since you can find an app for almost anything, it’s no surprise there are plenty of apps for Android and iPhone that can help you learn how to study better and improve your study habits. Here are some of the top rated apps. Evernote: This is a helpful app for taking notes, as it lets you add your own attachments, audio clips, and even checklists to your class notes. The free version lets you connect two different devices, so you can take notes on your laptop in class and then see them later on your phone. Quizlet For Mobile: The goal of Quizlet is to help you study smart. With the free version, you can create interactive quizzes and flashcards that can help you with learning new subjects or nailing down your material. MyStudyLife: Essentially, this is a calendar app designed specifically for students to help you keep track of assignments, due dates, classes, and other projects. It can work in conjunction with your wall planner so you can check your schedule while you’re on the go. SimpleMind: A good study tip is to create a mind map to go over what you already know and what topics you need to spend more time on. The SimpleMind app helps you create those mind maps and see them in a nice, visually appealing way. If you want to learn about more apps that can help make your overall life easier as a college student outside of learning how to study effectively, check out our favorite apps for college students. There’s always an app for everyone. Exercising and Your Brain Boost your brainpower and prep for studying by exercising beforehand. Getting some exercise pumps more oxygen to your brain, which can in turn stimulate it and help it function. This can also help your brain release more hormones, which stimulate cell growth. When it comes to learning new things or remembering study topics, that’s your goal. Just don’t try to memorize your material while you’re working out. Many students try to cram in a study session at the gym by bringing their notes and reading them while on the treadmill or elliptical. Give yourself a break and allow your mind to focus on one thing at a time, and sweat it out. Hit the books when you’re done. As a bonus, exercising and your mental health are directly connected. Exercise is shown to be capable of helping cope with the symptoms of depression and anxiety, among other conditions. So when it gets close to exam time and you’re feeling anxious or stressed, hit the treadmill for a little bit. Stress Relief in and Out of Your Study Sessions Exam preparation and tough study sessions can be stressful. The problem with stress is that it can have negative effects on the brain and can actually impact your study success. It’s okay to feel stressed to some degree, because that’s a part of life, especially during exam time. However, when you are experiencing significantly higher levels of stress, this can be harmful to your physical and mental health. You can lose your ability to concentrate, become depressed, and even suffer headaches or stomach pains. Try diffusing some essential oils or lighting incense (carefully) during your study session. Of course, you won’t be able to do this if you’re studying in a common space. But this can help you concentrate and de-stress. Taking regular breaks is also a good way to relieve stress. It’s important to make sure you are de-stressing in other ways, not just during study time. In fact, studying can also lead to unwanted stress for many students. Check out some of these easy ways to de-stress in college for some helpful ideas to try. A Few Final Study Tips Before You Get Started Here are some final study tips that can be helpful to remember as you try to make the most out of your study time. ? Stay hydrated while you’re studying. ? Eat brain food â€" foods that are high in protein, vitamins, and other nutrients help increase concentration and memory. ? Read about our favorite secrets for acing multiple choice tests. ? Don’t listen to music during your study session. Studies have shown that listening to music while studying can lead to poor performance. If you must have music, choose classical songs without any lyrics. ? Switch up your study space if you start to get bored. Figured Out How to Study Effectively, But Still Need Some Extra Assignment Help? We’re Here For You Sometimes all of your assignments, homework, and study sessions can pile up and become too overwhelming. That’s okay â€" we all need a little help sometimes. That’s what Homework Help Global is here for. We’re here to help you learn how to study effectively in any way we can. But when you’re out of ideas and motivation, that’s our time to shine. Homework Help Global is a network of highly educated, experienced academic writers who are on hand to help you with your schoolwork. Whatever the subject is, we have someone on our team ready to provide you with a custom paper, free from plagiarism and formatted to your specific requirements or guidelines. Order custom written essays and assignments, book reports, and even online exams. Whether you’re too busy with study sessions to write your assignments, or you have so much on your plate you haven’t even thought about studying yet, get in touch with us for a quote and to order now. We will help you make your life a lot easier and less stressful. How to Study Effectively How to Study Effectively: Expert Advice to Help You Ace Any Exam or Test How to Study Effectively: Expert Advice to Help You Ace Any Exam or Test Learning how to study effectively can feel like some kind of an acquired skill. There’s nothing worse than sitting in front of your study notes, trying to figure out how this will possibly fit in your brain, and losing all motivation to even begin in the first place. When it comes time for exam preparation, or for that end-of-term test, give yourself the best fighting chance at getting great grades and acing your class. That begins with the right study skills and habits. Luckily, we’ve got a lot of experts on our team who have the best study tips and advice, and we’re going to walk you through every step to show you how to study better, smarter, and more effectively. With our help, you’ll walk into that exam room like you own the place. Don’t worry. It may seem like a lot. But with the right learning and preparation, you can handle even the most unexpected questions. Ready to learn the secrets of how to study effectively and ace your next test or exam? Let’s get started. Get Your Head in the Study Zone First and foremost, you need to be mentally prepared. You can’t be constantly thinking about what happened on last night’s episode of Riverdale while trying to pack your brain with your history notes. That just doesn’t work. Forget about Archie and Jughead for a little while. They’ll be there when you’re done studying. Start each study session by setting goals. What do you hope to accomplish? Do you need to study for one cumulative exam, or are you trying to nail down particular subjects at a time? This will help you figure out how you’re going to use your study time and stay on track to complete your list. It’s also a good way to determine which of your study goals are your priorities, and which things to focus on first. Next, it’s time to get focused. Most importantly, find your motivation. Your goals should be the first step. The next is preparing to dive in. Getting Motivated: How to Study Effectively When You Really Don’t Want to Sometimes it’s hard to get motivated to study. Realistically, no one actually likes to study. In fact, study time is about as appealing as getting food poisoning. But we all have to do it, and it’s just a part of the learning process. That being said, we’re all motivated by something. Getting good grades is usually the key motivator when it comes to honing in on your study skills. That’s a good enough reason for most of us to roll out of bed and open up the books. To help yourself stay on track, develop good study habits. Some of our most effective expert tips include getting enough sleep and keeping your phone on airplane mode during every study session. When you’re not really motivated to study, your phone is a major distraction. It’s easy to just check that one thing one more time before you start. No matter what you think, it won’t just be one thing to check. You’ll end up down a YouTube rabbit hole like the best of us. Just turn it off. Another great way to develop good study habits is to take breaks. Stop and treat yourself at appropriate times, such as between subjects or when you’ve completed an assignment. Giving yourself a reward every so often can help keep you focused on your study material. However, make sure this isn’t always a sugary or fatty treat. A few candies here and there are fine, but too much sugar or fat and you’ll interrupt your brain’s learning process. If snacking on carrots and hummus while studying doesn’t really appeal to you, try giving yourself a reward that isn’t food related, like 15 minutes to play Candy Crush or sending a few Snapchats to your friends (but turn your phone back off when time is up). Find The Right Study Setting One of the most important steps in learning how to study effectively is finding a study spot where you can focus and avoid distractions. Just like a good movie, setting is key. According to ThoughtCo, the top nine places to study include the library, bookstores, coffee shops, parks, empty classrooms, your bedroom, and community centers. Your study spot has to be something that works for you. Just because your friend likes to go to the library to study doesn’t mean that will work for you, too. Consider where you’re going to be the least distracted, and where you feel the most at ease. Maybe this is your bedroom, or maybe it’s a cozy spot in the student center. Part of learning to study smart is learning where you are the most focused. If you’re a people watcher, don’t study in public spaces. There is just way too much going on to really get into your work. The same thing goes if you’re a big snacker. Studying at a coffee shop can be a great, peaceful way to get work done, but if you’re just going to keep getting up to buy cookies and chugging caffeine the whole time, maybe it isn’t the best study spot. Likewise, if you have noisy roommates or your friends are constantly popping by, your bedroom might not work, either. Wherever your study spot is, comfort is key. If you’re not comfortable, you’re just going to start shifting around and getting distracted trying to find a better position. Once you’ve found that study spot, it’s time to get organized and form some great study habits. Organize Your Study Space Once you have your setting in mind, it’s time to get organized. Staying organized is incredibly beneficial for your mind and, more importantly, your productivity. Your workspace is ultimately a reflection of your study habits. The more organized your space is, the less distractions there are, which means more study time and less of that other stuff. You know, the stuff you do to kill time and procrastinate. The first thing you need is enough space on your desk to lay out your textbooks, assignment materials, and anything else that might be relevant. If you don’t have space, you’re going to end up spending more time figuring out where things will stay than actually studying. Make sure you have all of your materials on hand as well. If you start looking for things as you go, you’ll increase your chances of being distracted, which makes it harder to get back on track when you go back to your study notes. To prepare for your study session, gather all of the materials you think you’ll need ahead of time, and put it all together in a container. This way, you can reach for things as you need them without digging around. Time Management: The Downfall of Many College Students Okay, so you’ve organized your desk or work space and you’re ready for the next step in learning how to study effectively. That would be time management. Even just hearing those words is enough to make people shudder, but the truth is this is a necessary study skill that you will use for the rest of your life. You may as well nail it down now, while you’re learning in school. Use a Physical Calendar or Wall Planner For Your Study Schedule You may think it’s easier to keep track of everything on your phone or iCal, but having everything laid out in a physical calendar you can hang on your wall can help you visualize and plan. It’s really easy to miss tasks and reminders when you’re relying only on your phone. A wall or desk planner is a useful tool for creating a study schedule that gives you enough time for breaks and a social life in between. This tells you exactly when your study time is, and helps you plan out everything you need to do. Guess what? Those rewards that we were talking about before can be added to your study schedule too, so you have a goal you know you’re working towards. But don’t let your rewards take over the rest of your planning. Tips and Tricks to Help With Time Management Here are some helpful time management tips and tricks that you may want to use: ? Don’t try to multitask. This negatively affects your ability to focus on the task at hand. ? Avoid leaving everything to the last minute. ? Set study time limits for each task and use a timer to stay on track. ? Get enough sleep. Your body needs a good amount of sleep to be able to concentrate and work to its fullest potential. ? Relax! That’s what breaks are for. ? Don’t overcommit yourself and let your study schedule suffer. If you don’t have time for something, you don’t have time for it. Just say no. ? Make a checklist. This tells you what you still have left to do, and you’ll feel a sense of accomplishment and pride when you check things off. Study Smart: Lay it All Out Lay out each individual task for each exam or assignment. Don’t just write “study for history paper.” Write down each book you need to read, which notes you have to go over, and when the due dates are. Try to estimate how much time it takes to do each thing so you can effectively include it in your study schedule. If you have certain exams or class subjects that you know will need more study time than others, this is how you can determine where to prioritize. When you visualize how much work you actually have to do, this can help with time management. It’s one thing to know which tests you have and when your exams are, but it’s another thing to actually see it and realize how much study time you’ll need to set aside for each test. An important thing to note is don’t leave your biggest goal for the last thing in your study schedule or your checklist. You may want to put a bunch of little things first so you have more to check off and can feel more accomplished, but if you leave those big things until the end you’re more likely to feel overwhelmed than anything. Mnemonic Devices Mnemonic Devices are a common way for people to study material and remember information. They can come in a variety of forms, such as acronyms, rhymes, and songs. In fact, you’ve probably used them at least once before. Have you ever stopped to use Roy G. Biv to list out the colors of the rainbow? That is a mnemonic device. What about SOHCAHTOA from high school math class? That’s another common one. Make up your own mnemonic device to help you remember important concepts or the order of things that you know are going to be on your exam. Poems and songs are most effective because they trigger the acoustic encoding in our brains and last longer in our memories. That’s why you’ve always got a song stuck in your head. Let’s try and get the right song stuck in there. Using Study Groups Another way to learn how to study effectively is to use study groups, but only if they work for you. Study groups aren’t the right fit for everyone. If you’re an easily distracted social butterfly and would be tempted to chat, you could end up breaking everyone else’s study habits, too. Some people prefer to study alone, and if that is what makes you study more effectively, then you should stick to that. The Advantages of Studying Together One of the best aspects of a study group is having other people there who are in the same situation as you. Not only do those other people help you stay in the study zone, but you can also use them as tools. Other people can help you stay focused because you’re all accountable together. They can also help you with your study notes and fill in any gaps you may have missed from class. Try quizzing each other. Quizzing one another and taking practice tests are great ways to really tell if you’ve learned the material or are ready to actually take the exam. You could have a family member or friend quiz you, but it’s easier when it comes from someone in your actual class who is also trying to learn the material. How to Find A Study Group Creating or joining a study group isn’t hard when you approach it the right way. Ask the people in your class if they’d like to study with you. This could be a brief chit chat as everyone is packing up to leave, or settling in before the professor arrives. You could also start a Facebook group and find people in your class who you may not speak to otherwise, and then use Facebook to coordinate meeting times. Check out our blog on how to organize a study group for more tips and pointers. If you want to know if there are already study groups that you can join, just ask around. Talk to someone at your student center. Sometimes they have resources you can use to make connections and join in on group study sessions. Ask classmates what they do to study and see if they already have a group they’d be willing to let you join. Speak up and you will find it. What the Science Says There are some scientific methods to studying that have been shown through academic research to help you learn how to study effectively and improve test scores. Here are some of the most effective and well known methods that you can try. The Feynman Notebook Method If you’ve ever watched the Big Bang Theory, you know who Richard Feynman is. He is a physics god â€" one of the most important physicists in history and a Nobel Prize winner. Well, Feynman developed a technique for learning difficult or confusing concepts that can help your study skills. The Feynman Technique, also known as the Feynman Notebook Method, begins with a blank notebook. On the title page, he would write, “Notebook of Things I Don’t Know About.” Then, at the top of each page, he would write a topic he wasn’t familiar with. Next, he’d write everything he knew about that topic, and then would continue to add to the page in his own words when he learned more about it. The point of this is to explain complex material in ways that make sense to you. Then, you can go back during your study session and review the areas where you know you’re having trouble. The Pomodoro Technique The Pomodoro Technique, developed by Francesco Cirillo, is a time management method where you use a timer to break down study sessions into intervals. Each interval is called a pomodoro, and there is a small break between each one. Think of it like reps of weights at the gym. Four pomodoros generally make up one study session for one specific task. You can take a bigger break after four pomodoros if you’re ready to move on to the next task. At Homework Help Global, we strive to provide as much help as we can to students who need it most. To learn more about the Pomodoro Technique, check out episode 13 of The Homework Help Show. In this episode, our host, Cath Anne, digs into developing good study habits using this method for productivity. The Leitner System Named after Sebastian Leitner, who developed the system, The Leitner System is essentially the use of flashcards for studying. This is a good technique to help your study skills because it boosts memorization and cognitive function. Many of us are familiar with using flashcards, but with the Leitner System, the goal is to keep the flashcards simple and straightforward so it’s easy to focus on certain concepts. Active Recall Active Recall is simple, but effective. It’s all about stimulating your brain while you’re reading or studying the material to promote long-term memory. After every section or chapter you read, close your book and review what you just read. Repeat to yourself some of the important information you just read. This way, instead of just reading something and forgetting it, you’re now actively learning it and will actually know it when it comes time to take your exam. Not really sure what this means? That’s what we’re here for. To learn more about Active Recall, watch episode 40 of the Homework Help Show where, Cath Anne puts it in context and tells you how to incorporate it with your study habits. Acing Exam Preparation Okay, so you’ve gotten the gist of how to study effectively and now the big day is right around the corner. When it comes time to get ready for your exam, you might want to consider some extra preparation tips to be as prepared as possible. ? Plan out exam day. The last thing you want to do is be rushing around and building up your anxiety about getting there on time. ? Bring water with you and stay hydrated. ? Don’t wake up and roll out of bed for a morning exam. Wake up early to give your brain time to kick into high gear. ? Collect all of the materials you need, such as pens or pencils, and bring extras just incase. ? Eat a healthy breakfast. ? Don’t forget your student card and ID. ? Slow down and breathe. You’ve got this! Cramming and Last-Minute Studying Don’t Work You shouldn’t leave everything to the last minute, but sometimes things come up and it happens. In fact, some people do believe that they study better when they cram. If you’re starting to run out of study time, you may feel like you need to have some tricks up your sleeve in preparation, but it’s not going to work the way you want it to. Learning how to study effectively in crunch time is nearly impossible. You need to give your brain time to process the information. If you run out of study time and are in a rush to get everything crammed in, often you’ll end up focusing on how you’re running out of time and forgetting what you crammed. In fact, cramming in a study session can actually cause more harm than good. Use your study schedule and plan out your time management and you won’t have to cram in the first place. Helpful (And Free) Study Apps Where would we be without smartphone apps? Since you can find an app for almost anything, it’s no surprise there are plenty of apps for Android and iPhone that can help you learn how to study better and improve your study habits. Here are some of the top rated apps. Evernote: This is a helpful app for taking notes, as it lets you add your own attachments, audio clips, and even checklists to your class notes. The free version lets you connect two different devices, so you can take notes on your laptop in class and then see them later on your phone. Quizlet For Mobile: The goal of Quizlet is to help you study smart. With the free version, you can create interactive quizzes and flashcards that can help you with learning new subjects or nailing down your material. MyStudyLife: Essentially, this is a calendar app designed specifically for students to help you keep track of assignments, due dates, classes, and other projects. It can work in conjunction with your wall planner so you can check your schedule while you’re on the go. SimpleMind: A good study tip is to create a mind map to go over what you already know and what topics you need to spend more time on. The SimpleMind app helps you create those mind maps and see them in a nice, visually appealing way. If you want to learn about more apps that can help make your overall life easier as a college student outside of learning how to study effectively, check out our favorite apps for college students. There’s always an app for everyone. Exercising and Your Brain Boost your brainpower and prep for studying by exercising beforehand. Getting some exercise pumps more oxygen to your brain, which can in turn stimulate it and help it function. This can also help your brain release more hormones, which stimulate cell growth. When it comes to learning new things or remembering study topics, that’s your goal. Just don’t try to memorize your material while you’re working out. Many students try to cram in a study session at the gym by bringing their notes and reading them while on the treadmill or elliptical. Give yourself a break and allow your mind to focus on one thing at a time, and sweat it out. Hit the books when you’re done. As a bonus, exercising and your mental health are directly connected. Exercise is shown to be capable of helping cope with the symptoms of depression and anxiety, among other conditions. So when it gets close to exam time and you’re feeling anxious or stressed, hit the treadmill for a little bit. Stress Relief in and Out of Your Study Sessions Exam preparation and tough study sessions can be stressful. The problem with stress is that it can have negative effects on the brain and can actually impact your study success. It’s okay to feel stressed to some degree, because that’s a part of life, especially during exam time. However, when you are experiencing significantly higher levels of stress, this can be harmful to your physical and mental health. You can lose your ability to concentrate, become depressed, and even suffer headaches or stomach pains. Try diffusing some essential oils or lighting incense (carefully) during your study session. Of course, you won’t be able to do this if you’re studying in a common space. But this can help you concentrate and de-stress. Taking regular breaks is also a good way to relieve stress. It’s important to make sure you are de-stressing in other ways, not just during study time. In fact, studying can also lead to unwanted stress for many students. Check out some of these easy ways to de-stress in college for some helpful ideas to try. A Few Final Study Tips Before You Get Started Here are some final study tips that can be helpful to remember as you try to make the most out of your study time. ? Stay hydrated while you’re studying. ? Eat brain food â€" foods that are high in protein, vitamins, and other nutrients help increase concentration and memory. ? Read about our favorite secrets for acing multiple choice tests. ? Don’t listen to music during your study session. Studies have shown that listening to music while studying can lead to poor performance. If you must have music, choose classical songs without any lyrics. ? Switch up your study space if you start to get bored. Figured Out How to Study Effectively, But Still Need Some Extra Assignment Help? We’re Here For You Sometimes all of your assignments, homework, and study sessions can pile up and become too overwhelming. That’s okay â€" we all need a little help sometimes. That’s what Homework Help Global is here for. We’re here to help you learn how to study effectively in any way we can. But when you’re out of ideas and motivation, that’s our time to shine. Homework Help Global is a network of highly educated, experienced academic writers who are on hand to help you with your schoolwork. Whatever the subject is, we have someone on our team ready to provide you with a custom paper, free from plagiarism and formatted to your specific requirements or guidelines. Order custom written essays and assignments, book reports, and even online exams. Whether you’re too busy with study sessions to write your assignments, or you have so much on your plate you haven’t even thought about studying yet, get in touch with us for a quote and to order now. We will help you make your life a lot easier and less stressful.

The Federation Of The Somali Republic - 3619 Words

The federation of the Somali Republic and the Role of the International Community 1.0 Introduction From 1960, when Somalia got its independence, Somalia Republic was a constitutional democratic state with a constitution approved by a referendum. From 1960 to 1969, the constitution got rid of a civilian, legislative governance structure and protected human rights under the rule of two consecutive and democratically-voted governments. In 1969, bloodless military takeover took place and suspended the constitution. As a result of the oppressive rule of Siyad , there was massive dissatisfaction and revolt locally and also minimum participation of the global community in resolving the disaster that was building up in the country. The military†¦show more content†¦The successful MPs subsequently elected the Speaker, Mohamed Osman Jawari and President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud. The country has adopted a federal system of governance which is still at an early stage, and laden with confusion and constitutional ambiguities. Only one federal member state (Puntland) is in existence, and t here are several emerging states although the processes and commissions through which federal states should be formed are yet to be fully formed. The international community and foreign diplomats assigned to Somalia play an integral role in facilitating dialogue among the key political actors, and their interventions have huge impacts in the future of the country. In order to have a functional federal Somalia, several issues should be tackled and addressed: Clarifying and amending the ambiguous and inconsistent constitutional clauses in the constitution, determining and agreement on the federal state boundaries, and putting in place resources and power-sharing mechanisms. Therefore, given these challenges and potential opportunities, the role of the international community, especially the regional bodies (IGAD, AU and others) should be based on a coherent policy which is in tandem with the aspirations of the

The Inner Life Of The Christian Leader - 1361 Words

THE INNER LIFE OF THE CHRISTIAN LEADER Introduction We serve an awesome God. For those of us studying ministry however we quickly learn that there is more to Christian leadership than just loving God with all of our heart, mind and strength. It also requires a lot of discipline, hard work and perseverance. Unfortunately, we must learn that being called into Christian leadership does not promise us a trouble free life. One only has to turn on the television to see Satan’s attack on the church. In his book The Spiritual Leader: a Guidebook for Pastors and Christian Leaders, Paul W. Chappell puts it this way, â€Å"Satan is actively trying to hinder the cause of Christ, and one of his primary targets is the spiritual leader. If he can ruin the testimony of a man of God, he can negatively influence an entire church family, an entire city, and often many others.† Thankfully, however, we do not go into this spiritual battle unarmed. Our Bibles provide us with everything we need to know to stand strong against these attacks as well as containing almost every answer that could be asked on the subject of Christian leadership. Defining Leadership Before addressing the inner life of the Christian leader, let’s first quickly define leadership and look at what makes an effective leader. Chappell provides this quote from author J. Oswald Sanders on the differences between natural leaders and spiritual leaders: The natural leader is self-confident, but a spiritual leader isShow MoreRelatedConnecting Leadership Theory and Christian Ministry Essay1467 Words   |  6 PagesConnecting Leadership Theory and Christian Ministry And the winner is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Much of life involves competition of some sort. Candidates compete in athletic events, educational competitions such as spelling bees, or for seeking that next job which offers a higher salary and better benefits. In recent decades, the field of leadership has seen similar efforts. The idea of leadership is not a new one, however a number of models have been proposed with the hope that a more effective system might be foundRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Cyrano De Bergerac834 Words   |  4 PagesCyrano de Bergerac, who is one of the main characters in this book that has a downfall in the his love life. Cyrano had a flaw in his life that lead to his downfall in the end. The contributions that lead to this would be his tragic flaws, which truly prevented him from achieving the women of his dreams. Cyrano may have had favorable traits about himself like being able to take control as a leader; gaining him respect from others. Surely, that would have giv en him the confidence to gain Roxane’s butRead MorePeace Is Complex And Multi Faceted. Peace1402 Words   |  6 Pagesorganisations, vocal individuals and guidance to inner and world peace are common in both traditions, the basis for which can be found in their holy texts. In many ways, religion is an ideology – a path – to peace. As such, Christianity and Islam, sharing a common foundation as traditions of peace, strive to promote and create this through both their adherents’ personal lives, and indeed throughout the world. In the Christian tradition, it is believed that inner peace is essential to the realisation of peaceRead MoreHuman Resource Management And Organizational Leadership993 Words   |  4 Pagespurpose in life. Within this idea, everyone has a â€Å"white hot why†, essentially the glowing purpose of an individual’s life and the passionate ideals the individuals is driven for.   I believe that my â€Å"white hot why† is developing others and helping them reach their purpose and find what people are passionate about to make organizations more efficient. When people are in roles and have responsibilities where they feel a sense of purpose, passion for what they are doing and have competent leaders, they produceRead MoreBuddhism, Christianity, And The Prospects For World Religion1392 Words   |  6 PagesChristianity, and the Prospects for World Religion: Criticism on Dalai Lama’s Interview by Jose Ignacio Cabezon Introduction Born in China, Dalai Lama who originally was called Tenzin Gyatso was the spiritual leader of Tibet. He reined this region from 1950 after being declared the spiritual leader in 1937. His advocacy was for non-violent liberation and this made him earn a Nobel Prize in 1989. The objective of this paper is to offer a detailed analysis and criticism of the response of Dalai Lama (HisRead MoreI Am A Child Of The Most High God Meaning I Have Victory Essay1278 Words   |  6 Pagesthem about Jesus. Verse 2: Paul explained about a true transformation consisting of discernment, deed, wisdom and understanding. Leaders’ thinking can be changed by renewing their minds with God’s Word. â€Å"This renewal means a new orientation, due to which the power of critical judgment is able to test and discern God’s will† (Runia, 2012, pg.202). Their inner spirits change spectacularly and their bodies will eventually obey our minds. When negative thoughts come as contrary to God’s WordRead MoreOvercoming The Dark Side Of Leadership By Gary L. Mcintosh And Samuel D. Rima1271 Words   |  6 Pagesexplained â€Å"as the inner urges, compulsions, and dysfunctions of our personality that often go unexamined or remain unknown to us until we experience an emotional explosion.† This explanation of the dark side suggests that our personalities have been slowly combined with emotions, expectations, experiences that over a lifetime have created our dark side. When we discover that we have this dark side, we shouldn’t hesitate to seek some sort of help from a Christian counselor. Many leaders have experiencedRead MoreInfluential Leaders Of The Civil Rights Movement1016 Words   |  5 Pagesformal charismatic leaders in the movement, there was not a situation in which a woman could be a charismatic leader. Ella Baker, highly critical of King, the charismatic leadership in the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, and of charismatic leadership in general, believed that group-centered leadership was the answer. She believed that through combined effort and inner strength much could be accomplished by the people. To Baker, charismatic leadership was a single-leader centered model thatRead MorePsychology, Theology, And Spirituality1413 Words   |  6 Pagesconcepts of psychological counseling in the Christian context. Some of the questions that McMinn (2011) aspires to address in the book include whether it is appropriate to pray with clients, the role of confession during the therapy process, whether counselors should use scripture memory during the interventions as well as the role of forgiveness and sin during the counseling therapies. The author also looks at the secret spiritual life pursued by Christian counselors. Indeed, as the author vividlyRead MoreThe Importance Of Spendin g A Day Without Technology1134 Words   |  5 Pagesof us without it. Internet, radio, television, cell phones, video games and other technological amenities are part of our daily life, in a way that sometimes we can not see reality outside a screen. We have shelved conversations face to face, the pleasure of enjoying the birds sing or simply appreciate nature around us. Professor David Levy declares, â€Å"Living a good life requires a kind of balance, a bit of quiet. There are questions about the limits of the brain and the body, and there are parallels

The India we want Free Essays

In United States there is a term called the ‘Great American Dream’. Historian James Tortuous Adams defines it as ‘life should be richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to their ability or achievement. † We for sure do not want to copy this term but according to me the ‘Great Indian Dream’ would be defined as ‘Everyone should be ranked according to ability, strive for innovation and invention, be happy and content but at the same time work for the progress of the country. We will write a custom essay sample on The India we want or any similar topic only for you Order Now India is a great country with a great potential. Its sheer massiveness has given it a big advantage in front of other countries that face a problem of human labor and area. It is truly said that ‘The citizen is the true treasure of the country. ‘ If the power of these citizens is put to good use there is no doubt that India can overcome all the problems it faces. Yes, India faces a number of problems and yes many of the effects are seen on the common people who form the major population of the country. However, imagine if these common people only come together, what mind of change they can bring. A large population of India is in its youth years and I believe that if the youth of the country begin to think over the current issues, find solutions and lead other people we will very soon be able to see the perfect India we picture in our minds. We can live to see the next generation happy and contented, we can live to see the â€Å"India we want! † While everyone will have their personalized perception of a happy India, the generalized ideas are the same In the India of our dreams; we can clearly visualize a lace where there is no poverty and sorrow. Although this dream can be made true through a lot of hard work and dedication let us talk from a more realistic point of view. In the perfect India we would all want the name and fame we deserve. We all see that sons and daughters of famous, rich businessmen get all the luxuries and fame Just because of their family background. A student who deserves his place in a good, reputed college might lose his seat to a less deserving but rich student. This needs to change and that will only happen when we change our mindsets. Accumulation of money is necessary but only to a certain limit. So in the India of our dreams we would definitely like to be Judged on the basis of our ability and not on our father’s bank balance. When we talk about a perfect India we cannot forget our oldest enemy- corruption. Ask anyone about the one thing that has slowed down Indian’s progress and you are mostly likely to hear corruption. We Indians have a bad habit of blaming others. It is the same with corruption. We have now become so habituated to blame corruption as the root cause of all the miseries in our lives. Although it is true that we have corrupt politicians, it is we who elect them. If we get the opportunity to study and keep ourselves updated with the politics or rather the Government’s policies we can question them as well as reform unjust policies. Education will also form capable candidates for various Jobs. Education will help us question everything we have to blindly follow from the age old customs to the unnecessary paperwork. I believe that education and the values of a person are the only tools which can eradicate corruption. How to cite The India we want, Papers

Is Collusion Possible Essays - Game Theory, Oligopoly, Collusion

Is Collusion Possible? Essay in Microeconomics. Topic: Is Collusion Possible? 18.12.2000 Contents: 1. Introduction. 2. Two types of behaviour (Collusive and non-collusive). 3. Game theory. a.) Concept. b.) The problem of collusion. c.) Predatory pricing. 4. Repeated games approach. a.) Concept. b.) Finite game case. c.) Infinite game case. i.) Trigger strategy ii.) Tit-for-Tat. d.) Finite game case, Kreps approach. 5. The motives for retaliation. 6. Conclusion. 7. Bibliography. 1. Introduction. In this essay I would discuss the price and output determination under the one essential type of imperfect competition markets- oligopoly. Inter-firm interactions in imperfect markets take many forms. Oligopoly theory, those name refers to competition among the few, lack unambiguous results of these interactions unlike monopoly and perfect competition. There is a variety of results derived from many different behavioural assumptions, with each specific model potentially relevant to certain real-world situations, but not to others. Here we are interested in the strategic nature of competition between firms. Strategic means the dependence of each person's proper choice of action on what he expects the other to do. A strategic move of a person influences the other person's choice, the other person's expectation of how would this particular person behave, in order to produce the favourable outcome for him. 2. Two types of behaviour (Collusive and non-collusive). Models of enterprise decision making in oligopoly derive their special features from the fact that firms in an oligopolistic industry are interdependent and this is realised by these firms. When there are only a few producers, the reaction of rivals should be taken into account. There are two broad approaches to this problem. First, oligopolists may be thought of as agreeing to co-operate in setting price and quantity. This would be the Collusive model. According to this model, firms agree to act together in their price and quantity decisions and this would to exactly the same outcome as would have been under monopoly. Thus the explicit or co-operative collusion or Cartel would take place. Second approach of the oligopoly analysis is based on the assumption that firms do not co-operate, but make their decisions on the basis of guesses, expectations, about the variables to which their competitors are reaching and about the form and the nature of the reactions in question. The Non-collusive behaviour deals with this model. Here, though in equilibrium the expectations of each firm about the reactions of rivals are realised, the parties never actually communicate directly with each other about their likely reactions. The extreme case of this can even imply competitive behaviour. Such a situation is much less profitable for firms than the one in which they share the monopolistic profit. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the case of the possibility of collusion between firms in order to reach the monopolistic profits for the industry, assuming that they do not co-operate with each other. This would be the most interesting and ambiguous case to look at. 3. Game theory. a.) Concept. The notion of game theory would a good starting point in the study of strategic competition and would be very helpful in realising the model and the problems facing oligopolistic firms associated with it. Game theory provides a framework for analysing situations on which there is interdependence between agents in the sense that the decisions of one agent affect the other agents. This theory was developed by von Neumann and Morgenstern and describes the situation, which is rather like that found in the children's game Scissors&Stones. Each firm is trying to second-guess the others, i.e. the behaviour of one firm depends on what it expects the others to do, and the in turn are making their decisions based upon their expectations of what the rivals (including the first firm) will do. In our case, the players of the game are the firms in the industry and each of them wants to maximise its pay-off. The pay-off that a player receives measures how well he achieves his objective. Let's assume in our model the pay-off to be a profit. Their profits depend upon the decisions they make (the strategies chosen by the various players including themselves). A strategy in this model is a plan of actio n, or a complete contingency plan, which specifies what the player will do in any of the circumstances in which he might find himself. The game